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-
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
-
-
- INTERNET DRAFT
- Expires: August 16, 1993
-
-
-
-
- Parameter Negotiation
- for the
- Multiprotocol Interconnect
-
-
- Keith Sklower
- Computer Science Department
- University of California, Berkeley
-
- Clifford Frost
- Information Systems & Technology
- University of California, Berkeley
-
- 1. Status of This Memo This document is an Internet
- Draft. Internet Drafts are working documents of the Inter-
- net Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, and its Work-
- ing Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
- working documents as Internet Drafts.
-
- Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of
- six months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or
- obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is not appro-
- priate to use Internet Drafts as reference material or to
- cite them other than as a ``working draft'' or ``work in
- progress.''
-
- Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the
- internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil,
- nnsc.nsf.net, nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or
- munnari.oz.au to learn the current status of any Internet
- Draft.
-
- 2. Abstract
-
- This document describes mechanisms for negotiating opera-
- tional parameters wherever SNAP encapsulation of Internet
- Protocols is available. For example, it is suitable for use
- in conjunction with RFC 1294 (Multiprotocol Over Frame
- Relay) and RFC 1356 (Multiprotocol Interconnect on X.25 and
- ISDN in the Packet Mode) [1,2], and potentially others. The
- mechanisms described here are intended as optional exten-
- sions, intended to facilitate interoperation in public net-
- works were preconfiguration may not have been done symmetri-
- cally by all parties who wish to exchange information.
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 1]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- 3. Acknowledgements
-
- The authors wish to thank Brian Lloyd of Lloyd & Associates
- for extensive discussion of the PPP protocol, Brad Steinke
- of Microcom, and Joel Halpern of Network Systems for useful
- suggestions, and especially Chris Ranch of Novell for
- details about the protocol itself.
-
- 4. Conventions
-
- The following language conventions are used in the items of
- specification in this document:
-
- o Must, Shall or Mandatory -- the item is an absolute
- requirement of the specification.
-
- o Should or Recommended -- the item should generally be
- followed for all but exceptional circumstances.
-
- o May or Optional -- the item is truly optional and may
- be followed or ignored according to the needs of the
- implementor.
-
- 5. Introduction
-
- When parties wish to exchange information over a public data
- network, it may be useful to perform sanity checks, such as
- verifying that buffer sizes are sufficient to receive data
- being transmitted, or that there is agreement as to which
- protocols will be routed or bridged. As another example,
- there may be circumstance in which the identity of a calling
- party may not be readily available; thus some form of
- authentication may be desired.
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (RFC 1331 and 1332) provides a
- means of achieving these goals [3,4]. It is very general
- and can be adapted to any situation where there is a virtual
- point-to-point connection between parties wishing to
- exchange information. Since both RFC's 1294 and 1331 spec-
- ify details of framing and encapsulation in incompatible
- ways, there is a minor modification to PPP's encapsulation
- which is required for this context.
-
- There are some additional changes that have been proposed to
- the PPP-extensions working group for use in this context.
- Principally, we would like parameter negotiation as a whole
- to be made optional. We would also like to be able to rene-
- gotiate parameters at any time during the course of an asso-
- ciation. There was also expressed the desire to decrease
- the number of actual packets exchanged to traverse PPP's
- state diagram. A method for doing this was proposed by
- emiting compound frames which would be made up of multiple
- logical PPP packets. It was thought that this might reduce
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 2]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- the negotation to an exchange of three actual link-level
- packets.
-
- 6. Frame Format
-
- 6.1. Basic Format
-
- In this document, we propose prepending a SNAP header to
- otherwise unchanged PPP (data and control) packets [5]. The
- SNAP header MUST specify an OUI of 0 (Xerox Ethernet Encap-
- sulation). The protocol ID field MUST be (0xZZZZ - to be
- obtained). A system SHOULD recognize incoming PPP data
- packets; however, we RECOMMEND that only control or negotia-
- tion type PPP packets be transmitted in this fashion, since
- RFCs 1294 and 1356 already specify a means of encapsulating
- data packets.
-
- Since we are proposing using this in conjunction with both
- RFC1294 and RFC1356, we give an example in each packet for-
- mat:
-
-
- Sample Frame Relay PPP LCP packet
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Q.922 Address |
- +-- --+
- | |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Control (UI = 0x03) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Optional Pad(s) (0x00) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | NLPID 0x80 |
- +-----------------------------+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- +-- . --+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- +-- . --+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- | (three octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | ETHERTYPE (to be .. |
- +-- . --+
- | ETHERTYPE obtained) |
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | PPP Protocol (e.g. 0x0c) |
- +-- . --+
- | PPP Protocol (0x21 for LCP)|
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 3]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- | Data |
- | (e.g LCP Code ) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g LCP Identifier) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option Length)|
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option) |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Frame Check Sequence |
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
-
-
- Sample X.25 PPP LCP packet
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Address A or B 0x1 or 0x3 |
- +-- --+
- | LAPB Control |
- +-----------------------------+
- | D,Q bits | SVC# high order |
- +-----------------------------+
- | SVC low order |
- +-----------------------------+
- | p(r) | m_bit | p(s) | 0 |
- +-----------------------------+
- | NLPID 0x80 |
- +-----------------------------+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- +-- . --+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- +-- . --+
- | OUI 0x00 |
- | (three octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | ETHERTYPE (to be .. |
- +-- . --+
- | ETHERTYPE obtained) |
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | PPP Protocol (e.g. 0x0c) |
- +-- . --+
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 4]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- | PPP Protocol (0x21 for LCP)|
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Data |
- | (e.g LCP Code ) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g LCP Identifier) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option Length)|
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option) |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Frame Check Sequence |
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
-
- 6.2. Supported Types
-
- The PPP protocol is a rich language and allows many options
- to be negotiated. An implementation MAY request any option
- specified by PPP, but MAY decline to support any option.
- Because PPP and Frame Relay encapsulations evolved indepen-
- dently, there are duplicate ways to obtain configuration
- information such as the IP address of the other end of the
- PVC - by inverse arp, or determine the transmit and receive
- buffer sizes - by XID negotiation. Where there are such
- choices, it is RECOMMENDED that an implementation adhere to
- practice specified in the Frame Relay and X.25 RFCs. Manual
- configuration also implicitly provides information that may
- otherwise have been explicitly negotiated.
-
- 7. Changes to PPP semantics
-
- 7.1. Optionality and Separability of Negotiations
-
- As noted above, people have expressed the desire not to be
- required to conduct any negotiations before transmitting
- data packets in a public data network environment. Thus, an
- implementation MAY silently ignore any SNAP encapsulated PPP
- packet. If an implementation responds to LCP packets, it
- MUST traverse the LCP state diagram according to RFC1331.
-
- If an implementation responds to NCP packets for any partic-
- ular protocol, it MUST otherwise obey the rules of the RFC
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 5]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- for that corresponding NCP.
-
- One reason for making negotiations optional is cost; there
- are environments which charge by the packet and there are
- applications such as mail hubs which generally exchange only
- a few data packets with a given remote host and then will
- not exchange any other packets for relatively long periods
- of time.
-
- Another reason is simplicity of implementation. For use of
- small computers at home, people may wish to be able to only
- support the required packet framing. Or, for routers at
- campus or business hubs, this could reduce memory require-
- ments from having to maintain state information for hundreds
- of virtual point-to-point connections.
-
- Another reason is reduction of latency.
-
- 8. Other Extensions to PPP
-
- 8.1. Protocol Summaries in NCP
-
- It has been suggested that there should be a PPP LCP option
- to pre-emptively announce which protocols will be routed or
- bridged, in lieu of conducting independent negotiations for
- each protocol via their separate NCPs, The rationale for
- having this option is that it gives what may be for simple
- situations the single most important benefit of having an
- NCP at all (i.e. a sanity check that data packets will not
- be black holed) without having the complexity or latency
- requirements of a full blown NCP.
-
- 8.2. Compound PPP packets
-
- If it is desired to conduct several independent NCPs at the
- same time, and since there are per-packet charges, it may be
- useful to bundle up several logical PPP packets into the
- same physical packet and thus reduce packet charges. The
- PPP-extensions working group has agreed to advance this
- change, and it will be described in a forthcoming document.
-
- 9. References
-
- [1] Bradley, T., Brown, C., and Malis, A., "Multiprotocol
- Interconnect over Frame Relay", Network Working Group,
- RFC-1294, January 1992.
-
- [2] Malis, A., Robinson, D., Ullman R., "Multiprotocol
- Interconnect on X.25 and ISDN in the Packet Mode", Net-
- work Working Group, RFC-1356, August 1992.
-
- [3] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) for the
- Transmission of Multi-protocol Datagrams over Point-to-
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 6]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation Feb. 1992
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- Point Links", Network Working Group, RFC-1331, May
- 1992.
-
- [4] McGregor, G., "The PPP Internet Protocol Control Proto-
- col (IPCP)" Network Working Group, RFC-1332, May 1992.
-
- [5] Postel, J. and Reynolds, J., "A Standard for the Trans-
- mission of IP Datagrams over IEEE 802 Networks", ISI,
- RFC-1042, February 1988.
-
- 10. Authors' Addresses
-
- Keith Sklower
- Computer Science Department
- 570 Evans Hall
- University of California
- Berkeley, CA 94720
-
- Phone: (510) 642-9587
- Email: sklower@cs.Berkeley.EDU
-
-
-
- Clifford Frost
- Information Systems & Technology
- 275 Evans Hall
- University of California
- Berkeley, CA 94720
-
- Phone: (510) 642-5360
- Email: cliff@cmsa.Berkeley.EDU
-
- 11. Expiration Date of this Draft
-
- August 16, 1993
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 7]
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